Fiber to the Home (FTTH) enables the installation of fiber from a central point directly into the end user's home, providing unprecedented high-speed Internet access. There are two types of systems for implementing FTTH network deployments: AON (active optical network) and PON (passive optical network).
What is AON?
AON is an Active Optical Network, mainly using point-to-point (PTP) network architecture, each user can have a dedicated optical fiber line. Active optical network refers to the signal in the transmission process, from the local equipment to the user distribution unit between the deployment of switching devices such as routers and switch aggregators, active optical devices, etc., these switching devices are driven by electricity to manage the signal distribution and direction signal of a specific customer. Active optical devices include light source (laser), optical receiver, optical transceiver module, optical amplifier (fiber amplifier and semiconductor optical amplifier) and so on.
AON
What is PON?
Passive Optical Network (PON), a point-to-multipoint network structure, is the main technology for implementing FTTB/FTTH. Passive optical network refers to the ODN (optical distribution network) using only optical fibers and passive components, only need to use live devices at the signal source and signal receiver. In a typical PON system, the optical splitter is the core, and the optical splitter is used to separate and collect the optical signal transmitted over the network. These splitters for PON are bidirectional. In the downlink direction, IP data, voice, video and other services are distributed to all ONU units on PON through the 1: N passive optical splitter in ODN by the OLT located in the central office in a broadcast way. In the upstream direction, multiple service information from each ONU is coupled to the same optical fiber through the 1: N passive photosynthesator in the ODN without interference, and finally sent to the OLT receiving end at the local end.
PON
A passive optical network consists of an optical line terminal (OLT) installed at a central control station and a number of supporting optical network units (ONUs) installed at the user's premises. The optical distribution network (ODN) between the OLT and the ONU consists of optical fibers and passive splitters or couplers. PON is divided into three technical standards based on ATM APON (ATM PON), Ethernet EPON (Ethernet PON) and General Frame Protocol-based GPON (Gigabit PON) according to its different transport protocols.
In the AON network, the user has a dedicated optical fiber line, which is easy for later network maintenance, capacity expansion, network upgrade, etc. And AON network coverage is wide, can cover a range of about 100 kilometers; PON networks are typically limited to fiber optic cables up to 20 kilometers long. AON mainly uses active devices to direct optical signals, while PON uses passive devices rather than power supplies, making AON network deployment more expensive than PON.
Founded in 2000, HYC is an influential OEM/ODM manufacturer of passive optical communication devices in the global industry, focusing on providing customers with one-stop customized production of passive optical communication basic optical device design, research and development and manufacturing.
